5 Things To Do With A Windfall

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Even though tax season has come and gone for some, many people are still facing the prospect of getting a lump sum of money in the near future. Events such as graduations, birthdays, and unfortunately, deaths can lead to one getting their hands on a decent amount of money at one time.

Here are 5 great ways to put those windfalls to use…

Pay Off High Interest Debt

I think this one is at the top of my list because we, like many Americans, are dealing with a great deal of debt (just a hair under $90k at our last update).

If your debt carries interest, then it most likely makes sense to use any extra money to pay off debt. That is because you will probably not be able to earn more interest with your money than you are paying in debt. Also, for a number of reasons, having debt is akin to financial bondage, so even if your interest isn’t 30%, it can still weigh you down financially, emotionally, and psychologically.

Pile of Money

Save For Retirement

This is one of the most overlooked areas in finance. Yes, we hear a lot about saving for retirement with various commercials from the big money managers, and as the “baby boomers” generation moves into retirement age, we are constantly hearing about how they failed to save for their retirement.

However, every time I talk to someone younger than 45, they have very little saved for retirement and it’s not even on their radar! So, with this in mind, take the extra money and add it to your IRA, or throw it in the bank and use it to offset your income as you increase your 401k contributions.

Pay Down Your Mortgage

I listed mortgage separately from other debt, because they are usually taken out at much lower interest rates than credit cards, so people don’t consider their mortgage in their list of debts (which is a mistake in my opinion). Anything you can do to pay less interest overall and be in debt for a shorter period of time is a good thing!

Take your windfall and pay down the principal of your mortgage, as long as you don’t have any other debt that is charging a higher interest rate.

Save Money For A Big Expense

Many people are not able to save a large amount of money for certain large expenses such as, a new car, vacation, new computer, or some other big expense that’s expected in the future.

Since this isn’t part of most financial plans, it makes sense to use this extra cash to save for one or more of these expenses.

Build Your Emergency Fund

I have written plenty of times about the importance of an emergency fund. For most people, and emergency fund is a must! If you are out of debt, stash away at least 9 months worth of living expenses in a high-yield savings account (My suggestion is that you open a new Checking or Savings account with Capital One 360 [Full Disclosure: this link contains my referral code]), and don’t touch it unless you have a true emergency.

The purpose behind this account is to prevent the need to using credit cards or taking out other loans when an unexpected, but necessary, expense comes up.

How To Deal With Financial Emergencies Before They Happen

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Having a financial contingency plan is always important, even more so, now that the economy is more unstable than ever, it is a necessity for every household! Keeping your finances organized when you fall upon hard times is one of the keys to surviving and thriving in these situations.

Here are 6 things that you can do now in order to prepare for financial hardship.

How To Set Up A Financial Contingency Plan

Rather than waiting until you fall on hard times, it makes sense to plan for the worst now, while you are in the best position to prepare yourself. Start with these basic points…

Set Up An Emergency Fund

I have talked a number of times on this site about the importance of an emergency fund. Having money set aside will be extremely important if you lose your job, or face some other financial difficulty. My goal (once our debt is paid off) is to to have between 9 months and a year of our living expenses saved for a “rainy day”..

Many people have gone deep into debt (I’m one of them) because they did not have significant savings to carry them through hard times. The purpose of an emergency fund is to remove the stress, fear, and even the need to borrow, when financial hardship comes.

Emergency Fund

Every good financial contingency plan should involve a large emergency fund!

Pay Off All Debt

One of the biggest factors in how well you handle a financial emergency is the amount of debt that you have. It is much easier to adjust your living expenses than it is to rearrange your debt payments. So when you are in a position where you need to free up a large amount of committed money, you won’t have over $500 in student loan repayments (that used to be me) to worry about!

Being at the mercy of credit card companies, banks, and other loan servicing agencies, will only add to your stress and may impair your ability to make good decisions during an emergency.

Know Your Options Ahead of Time

Whether it’s an old profession, becoming a part of the contingent workforce, or part-time job, you should ensure that you have a way to earn money that’s not connected to your current full-time job. You may not want to take on that side job, or put more time into your hobby just yet, but knowing what realistic options you’ll have if you are no longer able to work at your current job will be crucial if/when it happens.

Also knowing what expenses you can easily cut and what services you can do without (it may be wise to just cut them now and build up your emergency fund, pay off debt, or save for retirement), can save you from having to make those tough decisions while under stress!

Know Who You Can Depend On

Don’t make assumptions about who will and who won’t help you. Many people who you think you can count on may not be willing or able to help you, while those you’re not even considering could be the ones who offer you the most support during your time of need!

If your relationship allows for it, verify with your loved ones that they would be willing to help out (and find out how) if you fall on hard times.

You may need to consider taking loans from family or living with friends for an extended period of time; it’s best to know ahead of time (if possible), the people upon whom you can rely.

Financial Emergency Help

Be Prepared To Sell Your Possessions

I’m not saying that you should start holding garage sales tomorrow, but it is important to have a discussion with your family members and decide what items can go if you fall upon hard times. A good financial contingency plan will take into account how much money can be gained from selling certain items.

It will be much easier to make this plan now, rather than when you are all under the stress of a financial hardship (stress can skew proper judgment)! Decide what things you can part with, and conduct research to see how much you could possibly get for them. Knowing that you can get $7,000 for you 2nd car may be all that you need to survive a financial emergency.

Be Prepared For Natural Disasters

Even though New Jersey has been hit hard by storms in the last few years, I’m not really focusing on hurricane preparedness, or being able to prevent the damage from a natural disaster in this point. What I am referring to is the ability to quickly get back on your feet after the devastation.

The first thing that you should do is create a home inventory. This will allow you to quickly determine what items were damaged (or are completely missing) after the disaster. It will also help you when filing an insurance claim – everyone around you will be filing claims with their insurance company or requesting disaster assistance from the government. Having a home inventory can help to speed up your claims when that happens.

You should also review your various insurance policies to ensure that you are covered against various disasters. Many people just assume that their policy will reimburse them for all of their damages if something happens, only to find out that they weren’t covered at all, when it’s too late!

Reader Questions

  1. Do you have a financial contingency plan? If so, what are some of the things that you have included?
  2. Have you dealt with emergencies in the past? If so, what have you learned from the experience(s)?
  3. Have you ever been hit by the sudden loss of income or dramatic increase in expenses or debt? If so, how did you handle it?
  4. What else would you add to this list?

New Jersey Price Gouging Laws Are In Effect Thanks To Hurricane Sandy

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According to a press release by the New Jersey Office Of The Attorney General (NJOEM), Attorney General Jeffrey S. Chiesa and Governor Chris Christie warned merchants about New Jersey price gouging laws during the State of Emergency declared in reaction to the devastation caused by Hurricane Sandy.

Which Merchants Are Typically Guilty Of Price Gouging?

When a natural disaster – such as a hurricane or earthquake – strikes, a number of retailers will try to take advantage of the victims. However, there are some which seem to be more likely than others. Among the most common offenders are gas retailers, grocers, and taxis.

If you have to visit one of these types of retailers either during or 30 days after the termination of a State of Emergency, be on the lookout for price gouging.

Price Gouging New Jersey

What Exactly Is Considered Price Gouging?

Price gouging is when a retailer unnecessarily, and callously increases their prices during an time of great fear and panic and/or in an emergency situation. This is why you need to engage in hurricane preparedness in advance!

In order to prevent the evaluation of price increases from being subjective, the state has set up precise guidelines in this matter:

The law deems price increases excessive if they are more than 10 percent higher than the price at which a good or service was sold in the usual course of business prior to the State of Emergency; or, if additional costs are imposed by suppliers or certain logistical concerns during the State of Emergency, the increase is more than 10 percent of the amount of markup from cost, compared with the markup ordinarily applied.

What this means is that a retailer is allowed to raise their prices by up to 10 percent during a time of emergency, without it being considered price gouging. However, once those price increases are more than 10 percent higher than the prices before the State of Emergency, that retailer is breaking the law!

If the retailer had to increase their prices more than 10% due to the prices of their supplies increasing, or due to other “logistical concerns” because of the State of Emergency, they will also take into account.

Basically, if it now costs 50% more to ship food to that area, then the grocery stores most likely won’t be punished for raising their prices by more than 10%. We as consumers have to keep in mind the increased costs and labor efforts of the various suppliers and merchants before filing a claim of price gouging.

What Are The Penalties For Price Gouging?

According to the NJOAG website:

Violations are punishable by civil penalties of up to $10,000 for the first offense and $20,000 for the second and subsequent offenses.  Each individual sale of merchandise is considered a separate and distinct event.

Based on these numbers and the fact that each individual sale is treated as a separate violation of the price gouging laws, I can’t see why anyone would want to take part in this practice. The profits that one would gain by engaging in price gouging can’t compare to the penalties that they would face if caught.

Governor Christie had this to say:

During emergencies, New Jerseyans should look out for each other – not seek to take advantage of each other. The State Division of Consumer Affairs is looking closely at any and all complaints about alleged price gouging. Anyone found to have violated the law will face significant penalties.

A.G. Chiesa also issued his own warning:

Retailers should know we will conduct a thorough investigation, including an audit of the merchant’s receipts dating back to before the State of Emergency, to examine each and every complaint… Anyone violating the law will find the penalties they face, far outweigh the profits of taking unfair advantage of their fellow New Jerseyans during a time of great need.

How To Report Price Gouging

If you believe that a business has cheated or scammed you by engaging in price gouging, then you can file a complaint with the State Division of Consumer Affairs by visiting its website, or by calling 1-800-242-5846 (toll free within New Jersey) or 973-504-6200.

photo credit: Freedigitalphotos.net

An Emergency Fund: The First Step to Financial Independence

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When we think of financial independence we often think about having a lot of money, of having a fully loaded retirement plan, a house that’s paid for and being able to spend money any way we want.

That may be financial independence on the high end, but you’ll never get there without taking a few less glamorous steps beforehand. One of those steps is creating an emergency savings fund. It will be the foundation of everything that comes afterwards.

Why An Emergency Savings Fund

Emergency Savings Fund

You May Not Be Ready For Stocks, Bonds And ETFs – Yet

Talk about financial independence often focuses on investments. Where’s the market going? What are the hottest stocks? What winning ETF will get me to my investment goals? How much do I need to save for retirement?

That’s all good, but if you don’t have any of those activities going right now, you need to back up and do something more basic. You need an emergency savings fund. As boring as it sounds, an emergency fund does several things that will start you on the road to financial independence:

  1. It gets you a basic savings balance
  2. It proves that you can save money, which is critically important if you never have before
  3. It provides a measure of insulation between you and financial desperation
  4. It lays the foundation for greater savings—and investments—later
  5. When you have investments, an emergency fund will keep you from having to liquidate those investments to pay current expenses or emergency situations

I think it’s safe to say that until you get the items above going, financial independence will never be much more than a dream.

Starting Off On The Wrong Foot

Financial resources have three main components in most households: income, savings and credit. Each of these can be used to pay obligations, but they aren’t all equally up to the task.

1. Income. This is the preferred resource to pay obligations, especially current ones. When your income meets your current obligations your household budget is under control and you’re ready to move on to better things.

2. Savings. In a perfect world, savings should be available to back up your income in the event that it isn’t enough to cover your immediate expenses. You’re in a good place if that doesn’t happen too frequently, but it’s there if you need it.

3. Credit. Credit should be used only for the purchase of major assets that will provide you with benefits for a long period of time. It’s a way to spread the expense of high cost items over a longer time frame. Houses, cars and a college education are the best examples, and even then only if they aren’t taken too far. Credit can also serve a secondary role as the back-up to your savings, in the event they won’t cover a large run of expenses.

Income and savings are the preferred financial resources, with credit as a need-to-use-only resource. The problem is that for many people, it’s not savings that backs up their income, but credit. This comes about because while savings take time, effort and sacrifice, credit comes about with the swipe of a card.

The need to save money is skipped entirely. That’s bad because having savings, and at least an emergency fund, has fantastic advantages…

An Emergency Savings Fund = ”Sleeping Money”

Have you ever lost some sleep, or even an entire night’s worth, worrying about paying your bills? More specifically, this is likely to happen when you really can’t pay your bills. This is what happens when your budget is stretched too tight, when there aren’t enough resources to meet obligations.

If nothing else, having just a few thousand dollars sitting in a savings account might bring you the blessed sleep that you need to live your life.

Debt Can’t Go Away Until You Stop Using It

An abundance of debt is usually accompanied by an absence of savings. Is there a connection? I think so.

When you have no savings, you’re forced to rely on credit to cover those income shortfalls. And when you’re constantly tapping your credit lines, you’re going deeper into debt.

Most people who are in debt would do just about anything to get out, but that can’t happen until you stop using credit. The only way to do that is to live on less than you make and be prepared to cover emergencies with your savings—a true emergency fund.

Being Ready For Trouble

When you have savings—at least an emergency fund—you’re ready for problems. It’s not that you want them to happen, but rather that you’re prepared if they do. Any trouble you face will be that much easier to deal with if you have a savings cushion to back you up. Savings give you options, and that can take the panic right out of a troubling event.

The more you have saved the more trouble you’re ready to deal with. But at a minimum, you should have an amount sufficient to cover predictable shortfalls, such as major car repairs, medical deductibles, or a job loss.

When you’re ready for these, life becomes more predictable, and that puts you in better control – it’s almost like having a self-funded insurance policy.

How To Get There

There are different ideas as to how much you should have in emergency fund, but I think the best is having at least an amount equal to 30 days of living expenses. If you have 30 days of expenses saved, you’ll have enough to cover the first month of a job loss, which will give your unemployment checks a chance to start showing up.

How do you reach that goal?

  • Start by selling anything you don’t need with a garage sale or on Craigslist, and banking the money.
  • Bank your bonus, your tax return or any gift money you receive.
  • Bank 10% of your net income for the next ten months, or use some other percentage strategy that will get you there. A temporary part-time job can help with this too.

Any difficulty you’ll encounter in building your emergency fund will be less than the trouble you’ll be getting out of by not having one. That’s the first step to financial independence. Everything else will flow from that.

New Jersey Activates Price Gouging Laws In Reaction To Hurricane Irene

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According to a press release by the New Jersey Office of Emergency Management (NJOEM), Attorney General Paula T. Dow and the New Jersey Division of Consumer Affairs warned merchants about price gouging laws during the State of Emergency declared in anticipation of Hurricane Irene.

***Click Here To See The Ruling Regarding Hurricane Sandy***

What Merchants Are Typically Found Price Gouging?

When a natural disaster – such as a hurricane – strikes, a number of retailers will try to take advantage of the victims. Among the most common offenders are gas retailers, grocers, and taxis.

If you have to visit one of these types of retailers either during or 30 days after the termination of a State of Emergency, be on the lookout for price gouging.

What Exactly Is Considered Price Gouging?

Price gouging is when a retailer unnecessarily, and callously increases their prices during an time of great fear and panic and/or in an emergency situation. This is why you need to engage in hurricane preparedness in advance!

In order to prevent the evaluation of price increases from being subjective, the state has set up precise guidelines in this matter:

The law deems price increases excessive if they are more than 10 percent higher than the price at which a good or service was sold in the usual course of business prior to the State of Emergency; or, if additional costs are imposed by suppliers or certain logistical concerns during the State of Emergency, the increase is more than 10 percent of the amount of markup from cost, compared with the markup ordinarily applied.

What this means is that a retailer is allowed to raise their prices by up to 10 percent during a time of emergency, without it being considered price gouging. However, once those price increases are more than 10 percent higher than the prices before the State of Emergency, that retailer is breaking the law!

If the retailer had to increase their prices more than 10% due to the prices of their supplies increasing, or due to other “logistical concerns” because of the State of Emergency, they will also take into account.

Basically, if it now costs 50% more to ship food to that area, then the grocery stores most likely won’t be punished for raising their prices by more than 10%.

What Are The Penalties For Price Gouging?

According to the NJOEM website:

Violations are punishable by civil penalties of up to $10,000 for the first offense and $20,000 for the second and subsequent offenses.  Each individual sale of merchandise is considered a separate and distinct event.

Based on these numbers and the fact that each individual sale is treated as a separate violation of the price gouging laws, I can’t see why anyone would want to take part in this practice. The profits that one would gain by engaging in price gouging can’t compare to the penalties that they would face if caught.

How To Report Price Gouging

If you believe that a business has cheated or scammed you by engaging in price gouging, then you can file a complaint with the State Division of Consumer Affairs by visiting its website, or by calling 1-800-242-5846 (toll free within New Jersey) or 973-504-6200.

photo by Magic Robot